01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease lightly with butter.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together both flours, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, salt, raisins or currants, and caraway seeds until evenly distributed.
03 - In a separate bowl, whisk buttermilk, melted butter, and egg until thoroughly combined.
04 - Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients. Fold gently with a spatula just until combined—avoid overmixing to prevent tough muffins.
05 - Divide batter evenly among prepared muffin cups, filling each approximately 3/4 full.
06 - Bake for 18-22 minutes until tops are golden brown and a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.
07 - Let muffins rest in pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature with butter, jam, or clotted cream.